使用Executors创建和管理线程

原创|其它|编辑:郝浩|2009-09-08 15:12:14.000|阅读 689 次

概述:本文介绍Java使用Executors创建和管理线程的方法。

# 界面/图表报表/文档/IDE等千款热门软控件火热销售中 >>

  1. 类 Executors

  此类中提供的一些方法有:

  1.1 public static ExecutorService newCachedThreadPool()

  创建一个可根据需要创建新线程的线程池,但是在以前构造的线程可用时将重用它们。对于执行很多短期异步任务的程序而言,这些线程池通常可提高程序性能。

  1.2 public static ExecutorService newFixedThreadPool(int nThreads)

  创建一个可重用固定线程数的线程池,以共享的无界队列方式来运行这些线程。

  1.3 public static ExecutorService newSingleThreadExecutor()

  创建一个使用单个 worker 线程的 Executor,以无界队列方式来运行该线程。

  这三个方法都可以配合接口ThreadFactory的实例一起使用。并且返回一个ExecutorService接口的实例。

  2. 接口 ThreadFactory

  根据需要创建新线程的对象。使用线程工厂就无需再手工编写对 new Thread 的调用了,从而允许应用程序使用特殊的线程子类、属性等等。

  此接口最简单的实现就是:

class SimpleThreadFactory implements ThreadFactory {
  public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {
  return new Thread(r);
  }
  }

  3. 接口ExecutorService

  该接口提供了管理终止的方法。

  4.创建标准线程池启动线程

  4.1 提供一个简单的实现Runnable接口的线程

 MyThread.java
  package com.zj.concurrency.executors;
  public class MyThread implements Runnable {
  private int count = 1, number;
  public MyThread(int num) {
  number = num;
  System.out.println("Create Thread-" + number);
  }
  public void run() {
  while (true) {
  System.out.println("Thread-" + number + " run " + count+" time(s)");
  if (++count == 3)
  return;
  }
  }
  }

  这个线程会打印出相应的创建和执行信息。

  4.2使用CachedThreadPool启动线程

 CachedThreadPool.java
  package com.zj.concurrency.executors;
  import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
  import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
  public class CachedThreadPool {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
  ExecutorService exec = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
  for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
  exec.execute(new MyThread(i));
  exec.shutdown();
  }
  }

  结果:

  Create Thread-0

  Create Thread-1

  Create Thread-2

  Create Thread-3

  Thread-0 run 1 time(s)

  Thread-0 run 2 time(s)

  Thread-1 run 1 time(s)

  Thread-1 run 2 time(s)

  Thread-2 run 1 time(s)

  Thread-2 run 2 time(s)

  Create Thread-4

  Thread-4 run 1 time(s)

  Thread-4 run 2 time(s)

  Thread-3 run 1 time(s)

  Thread-3 run 2 time(s)

  4.3 使用FixedThreadPool启动线程

 FixedThreadPool.java
  package com.zj.concurrency.executors;
  import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
  import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
  public class FixedThreadPool {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
  ExecutorService exec = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);
  for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
  exec.execute(new MyThread(i));
  exec.shutdown();
  }
  }

  结果:

  Create Thread-0

  Create Thread-1

  Create Thread-2

  Create Thread-3

  Create Thread-4

  Thread-0 run 1 time(s)

  Thread-0 run 2 time(s)

  Thread-2 run 1 time(s)

  Thread-2 run 2 time(s)

  Thread-3 run 1 time(s)

  Thread-3 run 2 time(s)

  Thread-4 run 1 time(s)

  Thread-4 run 2 time(s)

  Thread-1 run 1 time(s)

  Thread-1 run 2 time(s)

  4.4 使用SingleThreadExecutor启动线程

 SingleThreadExecutor.java
  package com.zj.concurrency.executors;
  import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
  import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
  public class SingleThreadExecutor {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
  ExecutorService exec = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
  for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
  exec.execute(new MyThread(i));
  exec.shutdown();
  }
  }

  结果:

  Create Thread-0

  Create Thread-1

  Create Thread-2

  Create Thread-3

  Create Thread-4

  Thread-0 run 1 time(s)

  Thread-0 run 2 time(s)

  Thread-1 run 1 time(s)

  Thread-1 run 2 time(s)

  Thread-2 run 1 time(s)

  Thread-2 run 2 time(s)

  Thread-3 run 1 time(s)

  Thread-3 run 2 time(s)

  Thread-4 run 1 time(s)

  Thread-4 run 2 time(s)

  5.配合ThreadFactory接口的使用

  我们试图给线程加入daemon和priority的属性设置。

  5.1设置后台线程属性

 DaemonThreadFactory.java
  package com.zj.concurrency.executors.factory;
  import java.util.concurrent.ThreadFactory;
  public class DaemonThreadFactory implements ThreadFactory {
  public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {
  Thread t = new Thread(r);
  t.setDaemon(true);
  return t;
  }
  }

  5.2 设置优先级属性

     最高优先级MaxPriorityThreadFactory.java
  package com.zj.concurrency.executors.factory;
  import java.util.concurrent.ThreadFactory;
  public class MaxPriorityThreadFactory implements ThreadFactory {
  public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {
  Thread t = new Thread(r);
  t.setPriority(Thread.MAX_PRIORITY);
  return t;
  }
  }

   最低优先级MinPriorityThreadFactory.java
  package com.zj.concurrency.executors.factory;
  import java.util.concurrent.ThreadFactory;
  public class MinPriorityThreadFactory implements ThreadFactory {
  public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {
  Thread t = new Thread(r);
  t.setPriority(Thread.MIN_PRIORITY);
  return t;
  }
  }

  5.3启动带有属性设置的线程

 ExecFromFactory.java
  package com.zj.concurrency.executors;
  import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
  import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
  import com.zj.concurrency.executors.factory.DaemonThreadFactory;
  import com.zj.concurrency.executors.factory.MaxPriorityThreadFactory;
  import com.zj.concurrency.executors.factory.MinPriorityThreadFactory;
  public class ExecFromFactory {
  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
  ExecutorService defaultExec = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
  ExecutorService daemonExec = Executors
  .newCachedThreadPool(new DaemonThreadFactory());
  ExecutorService maxPriorityExec = Executors
  .newCachedThreadPool(new MaxPriorityThreadFactory());
  ExecutorService minPriorityExec = Executors
  .newCachedThreadPool(new MinPriorityThreadFactory());
  for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
  daemonExec.execute(new MyThread(i));
  for (int i = 10; i < 20; i++)
  if (i == 10)
  maxPriorityExec.execute(new MyThread(i));
  else if (i == 11)
  minPriorityExec.execute(new MyThread(i));
  else
  defaultExec.execute(new MyThread(i));
  }
  }

  结果:

  Create Thread-0

  Create Thread-1

  Create Thread-2

  Create Thread-3

  Thread-0 run 1 time(s)

  Thread-0 run 2 time(s)

  Thread-1 run 1 time(s)

  Thread-1 run 2 time(s)

  Thread-2 run 1 time(s)

  Thread-2 run 2 time(s)

  Create Thread-4

  Thread-4 run 1 time(s)

  Thread-4 run 2 time(s)

  Create Thread-5

  Thread-5 run 1 time(s)

  Thread-5 run 2 time(s)

  Create Thread-6

  Create Thread-7

  Thread-7 run 1 time(s)

  Thread-7 run 2 time(s)

  Create Thread-8

  Thread-8 run 1 time(s)

  Thread-8 run 2 time(s)

  Create Thread-9

  Create Thread-10

  Thread-10 run 1 time(s)

  Thread-10 run 2 time(s)

  Create Thread-11

  Thread-9 run 1 time(s)

  Thread-9 run 2 time(s)

  Thread-6 run 1 time(s)

  Thread-6 run 2 time(s)

  Thread-3 run 1 time(s)

  Thread-3 run 2 time(s)

  Create Thread-12

  Create Thread-13

  Create Thread-14

  Thread-12 run 1 time(s)

  Thread-12 run 2 time(s)

  Thread-13 run 1 time(s)

  Thread-13 run 2 time(s)

  Create Thread-15

  Thread-15 run 1 time(s)

  Thread-15 run 2 time(s)

  Create Thread-16

  Thread-16 run 1 time(s)

  Thread-16 run 2 time(s)

  Create Thread-17

  Create Thread-18

  Create Thread-19

  Thread-14 run 1 time(s)

  Thread-14 run 2 time(s)

  Thread-17 run 1 time(s)

  Thread-17 run 2 time(s)

  Thread-18 run 1 time(s)

  Thread-18 run 2 time(s)

  Thread-19 run 1 time(s)

  Thread-19 run 2 time(s)

  Thread-11 run 1 time(s)

  Thread-11 run 2 time(s)


标签:

本站文章除注明转载外,均为本站原创或翻译。欢迎任何形式的转载,但请务必注明出处、不得修改原文相关链接,如果存在内容上的异议请邮件反馈至chenjj@evget.com

文章转载自:IT专家网

为你推荐

  • 推荐视频
  • 推荐活动
  • 推荐产品
  • 推荐文章
  • 慧都慧问
扫码咨询


添加微信 立即咨询

电话咨询

客服热线
023-68661681

TOP